Entry and Exit Over the Industry Life Cycle
构建了一个理论模型，分析两家企业在经历增长和衰退的生命周期市场中的竞争，企业可以选择退出和重新进入。研究发现，高进入成本在增长阶段可带来承诺优势，甚至使高成本企业抢占低成本对手；在衰退阶段，较小的双寡头企业若能承担正的重新进入成本，则能比对手更持久。
This article presents a theoretical model of the rivalry between two firms in a market that undergoes a life cycle of growth and eventual decline. Firms in this market have the option of exit and reentry. In the equilibrium for the growth phase, high entry costs can act like high exit costs, thereby conveying a commitment advantage. For some parameter configurations, this advantage is sufficient to enable a high costfirm to preempt its lower cost rival. During the decline phase, the smaller duopolist is able to outlast its rival, provided that the smaller firm's reentry costs are positive.