Differentiating the consumer benefits from labeling of GM food products
用理论模型解释质量效应的重要性，指出忽略质量效应会高估转基因标签（自愿或强制）给消费者带来的收益。
Abstract Although recurrent evidence is found that consumers have different willingness to pay for GM and non‐GM products, there is disagreement in the scientific community about the size of consumer benefits from GM labeling. In this article we use a theoretical model based on a standard constant elasticity of substitution (CES) to explain the importance of the quality effect. It is shown that failing to consider the quality effect may yield an overestimation of benefits from GM labeling, voluntary or mandatory.