A Partial Test of Janis' Groupthink Model: Effects of Group Cohesiveness and Leader Behavior on Defective Decision Making
通过实验室实验，研究了群体凝聚力和领导者行为对决策缺陷的影响，发现非凝聚力群体成员更多自我审查信息，指令型领导者减少方案讨论并促使成员遵从。
The effects of group cohesiveness and leader behavior on Janis' (1982) symptoms of defective decision making were investigated within a laboratory setting. Two-hundred-eight college students were divided into four-person groups to solve a hypothetical business problem during tape-recorded group discussion sessions. Results showed that members of noncohesive groups engaged in more self-censorship of information than did members of cohesive groups. Teams with directive leaders proposed and discussed fewer alternative solutions to the problem than did groups with leaders who encouraged member participation. Groups with directive leaders were also willing to comply with the leaders' proposed solutions when the leaders stated their preferences early in the group discussion. These results only partially support Janis' groupthink model.