COMMITMENT AND MOTIVATION AT WORK: THE RELEVANCE OF EMPLOYEE IDENTITY AND REGULATORY FOCUS.
通过交叉自我身份层次（集体、关系、个体）与调节焦点（促进、预防），区分了不同类型的承诺，解释了承诺的聚合与区分效度，并考虑了多重对象（如组织和主管）的承诺。
We present a model that distinguishes among different types of commitments by crossing self-identity levels (collective, relational, and individual) with regulatory foci (promotion and prevention). This model is important because it specifies the ways in which convergent and discriminant validity exist among different types of commitment and because it accounts for commitment to multiple constituents (e.g., commitment to one's organization and supervisor). We conclude by discussing implications of our model and proposing directions for future research.