Decomposition of gender differentials in agricultural productivity in Ethiopia
分解了埃塞俄比亚男女土地管理者在农业生产力上的23.4%差异，发现其中10.1个百分点由资源禀赋差异解释，13.4个百分点由回报差异解释，且差异主要由非已婚女性驱动。
This paper employs decomposition methods \n to analyze differences in agricultural productivity between \n male and female land managers in Ethiopia. It employs data \n from the 2011-2012 Ethiopian Rural Socioeconomic Survey. An \n overall 23.4 percent gender differential in agricultural \n productivity is estimated at the mean in favor of male land \n managers, of which 10.1 percentage points are explained by \n differences in land manager characteristics, land \n attributes, and unequal access to resources (the endowment \n effect). The remaining 13.4 percentage points are explained \n by unequal returns to productive components, but cannot be \n easily tied to specific covariates. These results are mainly \n driven by non-married female managers (mainly single and \n divorced). Married female managers do not display such \n disadvantages. Further analysis along the productivity \n distribution reveals that gender differentials are more \n pronounced at mid-levels of productivity and that the share \n of the gender gap explained by the endowment effect declines \n as productivity increases. Detailed decomposition of \n estimates at selected points of the agricultural \n productivity distribution provides valuable information for \n policy intervention purposes.