Noncooperative Bargaining and Spatial Competition
构建了一个讨价还价模型，研究卖家在市场中选址竞争，消费者移动有成本，价格由买卖双方讨价还价均衡决定，并分析了均衡存在性及竞争结果。
The article develops a bargaining model of spatial competition. Sellers compete by choosing locations in a market region. Consumers face a cost to moving from one place to another. The price of the good is determined as the perfect equilibrium of a bargaining game between seller and buyer. In this game, the buyer has the outside option to move to another seller and so the prices at all stores are interdependent. Existence of a location-price equilibrium is established. The outcome approaches the perfectly-competitive one if the consumer's cost of traveling becomes negligible or if the number of sellers tends to infinity. Copyright 1989 by The Econometric Society.