The pattern of protection for food crops and cash crops in developing countries
利用1969-1985年小麦、水稻和咖啡的数据，分析发展中国家农业保护结构，发现粮食作物比出口作物获得更多净保护，且间接农业政策对生产者激励至关重要。
A broad commodity-related data base is utilized to investigate the structure of agricultural protection in developing countries over time. A decomposition approach for net nominal rates of protection, which distinguishes direct and indirect agricultural policies, is proposed and applied to protection levels for wheat, rice and coffee in the period 1969–1985. We show that the food crops are favoured compared with the export crops with regard to (i) average levels of net protection, (ii) the trend of net protection, and (iii) the impact of policies on the stability of producer prices. Indirect agricultural policies are crucial for producer incentives but are not necessarily dominating direct agricultural policies.