A Divergence Statistic for Industrial Localization
提出一个基于Kullback-Leibler散度的产业本地化统计指标，适用于仅有区域层面产业数据的情形，可检验产业本地化是否显著、比较不同产业的本地化程度，并能分解为不同空间聚合层次的本地化成分。
We propose a statistical index of industrial localization based on the Kullback-Leibler divergence. This index is particularly well suited to cases where industrial data are available only at the regional level. Unlike existing regional-level indices, our index can be employed to test the significance of industrial localization relative to a hypothesized reference distribution of probable locations across regions. In addition, one can test relative degrees of localization among industries. Finally, as with all Kullback-Leibler divergence indices, our index can be decomposed into components representing localization at various levels of spatial aggregation. © 2005 President and Fellows of Harvard College and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.