Animal Breeding and Productivity Growth of Dairy Farms
将遗传技术变革纳入Malmquist生产率指数，利用1997-2006年冰岛奶牛场面板数据，发现平均生产率增长率为1.6%，其中19%归因于育种，忽略质量差异会使增长率降低83%。
We introduce genetic‐based technical change into a Malmquist productivity index and measure the growth in productivity caused by bovine breeding. Because breeding is likely to affect milk quality, we adjust milk quantities for quality differences. We use panel data on Icelandic dairy farms from 1997 to 2006 to estimate an input distance function. The Malmquist productivity index shows that the average productivity growth rate is 1.6%. Scale effects are the most important source of this growth, but 19% of the productivity growth rate is due to breeding. If quality differences are ignored, the average productivity growth rate is reduced by 83%.