Pareto and Political Economy as a Science: Methodological Revolution and Analytical Advances in Economic Theory in the 1890s
反驳熊彼特认为帕累托完全继承瓦尔拉斯的观点，指出帕累托在1892-1900年间已勾勒出不同于瓦尔拉斯的经济科学方法论，探讨政治经济学成为科学的条件，并质疑完全预见和理性假设，序数主义假设是其方法论反思的结果。
It is argued that Joseph Schumpeter's widely accepted judgment that Pareto's work is 'completely rooted in Walras's system' constitutes a misreading of Pareto. In fact, already during the period 1892-1900, Pareto traces the methodological outlines of an economic science profoundly different from that of Walras. It is maintained that his methodological contribution represents an attempt to define the conditions for political economy to be a science. In this context, Pareto examines the theoretical premises of economic theories and questions the hypotheses of perfect foresight and rationality. The ordinalist hypothesis is also shown to be a consequence of these methodological reflections. Copyright 1997 by the University of Chicago.