Sinking, Swimming, or Learning to Swim in Medicare Part D
研究了2006-2007年非贫困老年人在医疗保险D部分中如何通过换保或调整行为减少处方药支出，平均节省298美元，81%的人受益，尤其对超支最多者和最年长消费者效果显著。
Under Medicare Part D, senior citizens choose prescription drug insurance offered by numerous private insurers. We examine nonpoor enrollees' actions in 2006 and 2007 using panel data. Our sample reduced overspending by $298 on average, with gains by 81 percent of them. The greatest improvements were by those who overspent most in 2006 and by those who switched plans. Decisions to switch depended on individuals' overspending in 2006 and on individual-specific effects of changes in their current plans. The oldest consumers and those initiating medications for Alzheimer's disease improved by more than average, suggesting that real-world institutions help overcome cognitive limitations.