An Examination of Firm, Industry, and Time Effects on Performance Using Random Coefficients Modeling
用分层线性模型分析纵向数据，提出随机系数建模方法，研究企业、行业和时间因素如何影响绩效，帮助战略管理学者理解绩效的多层次决定因素。
The strategic management literature is unclear about how firm and industry effects influence performance, and the analysis of longitudinal data therein continues to be problematic. The authors analyze longitudinal data using hierarchical linear modeling to illustrate a random coefficients modeling alternative for examining firm performance. This approach allows researchers to explicitly model different conceptual approaches to testing change in performance over time and model predictor variables and cross-level interactions at multiple levels of analysis, and it also allows for investigation of time series errors. The results have implications for the strategic management field's goal of understanding multilevel determinants of firm performance over time.