Are Female Leaders Good for Education? Evidence from India
利用印度政客性别数据与个体教育数据匹配，通过准实验方法发现女性政治代表增加能提高城市地区个体完成小学教育的概率，但对农村地区无显著影响。
This paper shows that the gender of politicians affects the educational levels of individuals who grow up in the districts where these politicians are elected. A unique dataset collected on politicians in India is matched with individual data by cohort and district of residence. The political data allow the identification of close elections between women and men, which yield quasi-experimental election outcomes used to estimate the causal effect of the gender of politicians. Increasing female political representation increases the probability that an individual will attain primary education in urban areas, but not in rural areas, and not in the sample as a whole.