CHARACTERISTICS OF WOMEN IN TRADITIONAL AND NON‐TRADITIONAL MANAGERIAL ROLES
研究了156名护士（传统职业）和147名商业/工业领域女性（非传统职业）在成就动机、生产导向、自我认知等方面的差异，发现非传统职业女性更具成就导向、更认同管理特质。
This study investigated characteristics which distinguish women who choose traditional as opposed to non‐traditional careers and who function at differing occupational levels. 156 nurses represented the traditional sample, and 147 women in business and industrial positions in which 20% or fewer of the job incumbents were female comprised the non‐traditional career group. The women were matched according to age and education across three occupational levels. It was determined that women as a group in non‐traditional business roles as compared to the traditionals were more achieving, emphasized production more, saw themsleves as having characteristics more like managers and men, and saw no self‐characteristics which conflicted with those ascribed to male managers. The business women considered the domestic role as less important, had fewer children, and fewer children living at home, than did the nurses. The two groups did not differ in their attitude toward the importance of their careers, their perceptions of their husband's attitudes, nor in the education level of their spouse and parents. These findings lead to the conclusion that leadership attributes and behavior of women do vary between organizational settings and across occupational levels in predictable ways.