Affect and favorable work outcomes: two longitudinal tests of the happy-productive worker thesis
通过两项纵向研究，检验了不同情感测量方式（特质情感与状态情感）对上级绩效评分的预测作用，发现基于愉悦感的特质情感能预测绩效，而激活感的情感则不能。
This research examined relationships between alternative measures of affect and supervisory performance ratings. The first study showed that dispositional rather than state affect significantly predicted supervisory ratings of performance over time. Since the measures of affect differed on both content and temporal dimensions, a follow-up study was conducted to explicate the results. The second study found that a pleasantness-based measure of dispositional affect (Berkman, 1971a) again predicted rated performance over time, but activation-based measures of both dispositional and state affect (using PANAS scales) were not predictive of supervisory evaluations of performance. The implications of these findings in terms of research on affect and the longstanding pursuit of the happy–productive worker are discussed. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.