The Economics of Patents: Lessons from Recent U.S. Patent Reform
回顾了美国过去二十年专利改革如何加强权利执行和扩展保护范围，并基于理论与实证研究分析了强化专利对创新、披露和技术转让的利弊，为政策制定者评估改革效果提供参考。
U.S. patent reform over the past two decades has strengthened the legal enforcement of patent rights and has extended protection to new subject matter, such as genetically engineered life forms and business methods. This paper highlights these and other policy changes and the debate that this apparent increase in protection has sparked. While the case for stronger patents as a spur to innovation is a weak one, as revealed by recent theoretical and empirical research, evidence that they encourage disclosure and technology transfer is persuasive. The paper discusses the social costs and benefits of these effects from the policy changes and proposals for alleviating the costs through further patent reform.