Productivity and international competitiveness of agriculture in the European Union and the United States
研究了1973-2002年间欧盟11个成员国与美国农业的国际竞争力，通过计算相对价格和生产率差距，分解了相对价格变动的原因。
Abstract This study looks at international competitiveness of agriculture in the European Union and the United States. The most intuitive concept is that of price competitiveness. We calculate relative prices for 11 member states of the European Union and the United States for the period 1973–2002. We assume that markets are perfectly competitive and in long‐run equilibrium, so that the observed price always equals average total cost, as measured by the cost dual to the production function. This assumption is used in our calculation of relative competitiveness and productivity gaps between the European Union and the United States and in our decomposition of relative price movements between changes in relative input prices and changes in relative productivity levels.