A Reduced‐Form Model for Dynamic Efficiency Measurement: Application to Dairy Farms in Germany and The Netherlands
扩展了随机距离函数模型，允许误差项中的无效率成分存在自相关，并用卡尔曼滤波技术估计，应用于德国和荷兰奶牛场面板数据，发现无效率具有很高的持续性。
The stochastic distance function model is extended to allow for the inefficiency component of the error term to be autocorrelated, as implied by a dynamic model of firm behavior. The autocorrelation parameter can then be interpreted as a measure of the persistence of inefficiency. The model is viewed from a state‐space perspective, and Kalman filtering techniques are proposed for estimation. The model is applied to two panels of dairy farms from Germany and the Netherlands. The results suggest a very high degree of persistence of inefficiency through time.