Examining the Joint Roles of Responsibility and Reinforcement History in Recommitment*
研究了责任和强化历史如何共同影响个体在连续失败中的投资决策，发现高责任和可变强化历史是升级发生的必要条件。
ABSTRACT The present study examined the combined effects of responsibility and reinforcement history on investment responses during a series of failure experiences. Subjects performed a variation of the A and S decision case [27] under one of six conditions varying in responsibility (high, low) and reinforcement history (variable partial, fixed partial, no training). When investment responses at the start of the period of continuous losses were examined, results indicated that high responsibility and a variable history of reinforcement are both necessary conditions for escalation to occur. When later responses were included in the analysis, reinforcement history and time were the main factors affecting recommitment responses. These results suggest possible refinements to current models of escalation.