The Industrial Organization of Online Education
研究了在线教育相对于面授的灵活性和成本优势，分析了其市场结构，指出课程市场可能高度集中，非营利部门成本更低、集中度更低。
Online education has flexibility and cost advantages over in-class teaching and these advantages will grow with improvements in information technology. We consider likely market structures given that the quality aspects of online education exhibit endogenous fixed costs. Concentration in the market for courses could be high, as it is currently in the market for textbooks. The not-for-profit sector will exhibit lower costs, lower concentration, and possibly zero price.