TESTING THE COMPETITIVENESS OF FOOD PRICE SPREADS
提出一种检验食品价格差价竞争性的方法，无需行业结构信息，仅需中间投入品价格，并应用于美国农场/批发牛肉市场。
This paper develops and illustrates a test of the competitiveness of food price spreads. The test does not require information on the structure of the food industry or estimation of conjectural variations, but rather the prices of the intermediate inputs used to produce the raw farm product and the prices of the intermediate inputs that are combined with the raw farm product to produce the final consumer good. The test is applied to the US farm/wholesale beef market.