Bread or Chainsaws? Paths to Mobilizing Household Labor for Cooperative Rural Development in a Oaxacan Village (Mexico)*
通过墨西哥土著社区一个生产合作社的八年民族志研究，揭示男性动员女性参与合作社项目时遭遇的抵抗与谈判，最终女性通过建立自己的面包房部门提升了经济地位。
Abstract: This ethnographic case study of a rural production co‐op in the indigenous community of Santa Cruz (Oaxaca, Mexico) documents men's efforts to enlist women's participation in men's co‐op projects. Over an eight‐year period, men initiated a number of production projects, only to see them fail when women refused to participate. I use data from participant observation, surveys, and interviews to construct gendered time‐geographies of agricultural and co‐op project labor. These reveal the existence of labor crises, moments in the agricultural calendar when men's labor is insufficient to cover both household and co‐op tasks. Men's attempts to mobilize women's labor power were met with women's counterstrategies of resistance. Ultimately, women established their own co‐op production section (bakery) when men opted to incorporate them into the co‐op as decision makers. The analysis suggests, first, that development project dynamics are fluid and, within specific circumstances, can enhance women's social and economic position vis‐à‐vis men. Second, participation is always partial and contingent and best examined within a context of ongoing negotiations. Lastly, poststructuralist time‐geographies may contribute to development analysis when conceived as both material and discursive practices bound to geographic imaginaries.