CHUTES VERSUS LADDERS: ANCHORING EVENTS AND A PUNCTUATED-EQUILIBRIUM PERSPECTIVE ON SOCIAL EXCHANGE RELATIONSHIPS.
整合情绪与记忆研究，提出锚定事件能突然且持久地改变组织关系规则，导致利他或竞争等非互惠形式，并讨论其发生概率与关系状态、时间及社会情境的关系。
We integrate concepts from research on emotion and memory to show how critical exchanges—or anchoring events—can suddenly and durably change the rules for organizational relationships, leading them to reach nonreciprocal forms like altruism or competition. We define these events and discuss the likelihood of their occurring as a function of the current state of the relationship, the time in that state of the relationship, and the social context in which the event takes place.