Genes, Eyeglasses, and Social Policy
区分了遗传学研究中两类工作：传统遗传率研究和新基因测量研究，并论证前者对政策分析无信息价值，后者则可能提供有用信息。
Someone reading empirical research relating human genetics to personal outcomes must be careful to distinguish two types of work: An old literature on heritability attempts to decompose cross-sectional variation in observed outcomes into unobservable genetic and environmental components. A new literature measures specific genes and uses them as observed covariates when predicting outcomes. I will discuss these two types of work in terms of how they may inform social policy. I will argue that research on heritability is fundamentally uninformative for policy analysis, but make a cautious argument that research using genes as covariates is potentially informative.