Estimating Griliches' k‐Shifts
证明Griliches的k-偏移等于径向技术进步率加上从距离函数得到的商品偏差向量，并将该参数应用于美国农业，估计了1950-1993年间小麦、玉米、大豆和牛肉的k-偏移，发现玉米、大豆和小麦的边际生产成本下降。
Abstract Griliches' k ‐shift, a crucial parameter in the welfare evaluation of technological change, is shown to be equal to the radial rate of technological change plus a vector of commodity bias parameters obtained from the distance function. The analysis permits decomposition of sectoral productivity growth into productivity growth by commodity. The k ‐shifts estimated for wheat, corn, soybeans, and beef in U.S. agriculture indicate a decrease in the marginal cost of production of corn, soybeans, and wheat during the 1950–1993 years.