The predictive validity of the Karnani and Wernerfelt model of multipoint competition
首次检验卡纳尼和沃纳菲尔特多点竞争模型的预测有效性，发现模型预测的四种回应策略在实际数据中出现六种，且企业最常不回应，独立变量未能按模型预测回应，探索性分析找出了最佳预测因子。
Abstract This study is the first to examine the predictive validity of the Karnani and Wernerfelt theoretical model. We developed measures for four variables, and explored whether they successfully operationalized the dimensions in the theoretical model. The model proposed four response strategies, and six were observed in the data. Incumbent firms most frequently did not respond at all to another firm's entry, even though a counterattack response was predicted by the model. Since the independent variables did not predict responses as proposed by the model, exploratory analyses identified “best” predictors of responses.