The Reasons for Wage Rigidity: Evidence from a Survey of Firms
对184家企业的调查显示，工资刚性主要源于辞职中的逆向选择和工资对努力的影响；减少离职对白领工人工资刚性重要，隐性合同对其他工人重要；工资下降比上升更影响努力，且对低技能工人影响更大。
A survey of 184 firms was conducted to investigate the reasons for wage rigidity. The strongest support was found for explanations based on adverse selection in quits and on the effect of wages on effort. In addition, survey respondents indicated that reducing turnover is an important explanation of wage rigidity for white-collar workers, and that implicit contracts are an important explanation for other workers. Respondents also believed that effort responds more strongly to wage decreases than to wage increases and that wage decreases have a greater impact on the effort of low-skilled workers than of high-skilled workers.