Equity Markets, Transactions Costs, and Capital Accumulation: An Illustration
用两期世代交叠模型分析股票市场交易成本如何影响储蓄、投资和资本积累，发现交易成本降低会改变投资期限结构并可能影响稳态产出。
Poorly developed equity markets inhibit the transfer of capital ownership. Moreover, the costs of transacting in equity markets affect not just the level of investment, but the kinds of investments that are undertaken. Once equity markets allow the ownership of capital to be transferred economically, reductions in costs tend to favor the use of longer-maturity investments. When there is a relationship between the maturity of an investment and its productivity, transactions cost reductions are conducive to observing certain kinds of increases in productive efficiency. This article analyzes savings, investment, and consumption decisions by using an overlapping generations model with two-period-lived agents. The analysis allows for several technologies for converting current output into future capital that vary by productivity and maturity, and it makes ownership of capital costly to transfer. A reduction in transactions costs will typically alter the composition of savings and investment, and have potentially complicated consequences for capital accumulation and steady-state output.