SHELTER FROM THE STORM: HOUSING AND THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION, 1550–1909
估算了1550至1909年英格兰的平均租金、恒定质量租金和住房质量，发现工业革命期间恒定质量租金相对于其他生活成本大幅上升，这可能是住房质量在1760至1860年间下降的原因。
Housing was a major item of English consumer expenditure. Yet little is known of its average quality or rental cost. I estimate average rents, constant-quality rents, and housing quality from 1550 to 1909. Constant-quality rents rose substantially relative to other costs of living during the Industrial Revolution. This probably explains why, despite rising real wages, housing quality appears to have declined from 1760 to 1860. There were, however, substantial quality gains in the eighteenth century prior to the Industrial Revolution. The implications of these new series for measurement of growth during the Industrial Revolution are briefly explored.