R & D, Defense, and Spatial Divisions of Labor in Twentieth-Century Britain
研究了二十世纪英国空间格局的变化，指出二战和战后区域政策短期内增加了工厂建设和就业，长期则使研发集中在伦敦附近，常规生产分散到其他地区。
New spatial patterns, with areas specializing by function rather than industry, reflect twentieth-century developments in industrial organization, the role of the state, and Britain's system of cities. In the short run, World War II and postwar regional policy increased factory-building and employment in formerly depressed areas. Longer-run effects of both helped concentrate research and development within the South near London and dispersed routinized production to other areas. Organizational links within firms and to government departments, intellectual and commercial contacts in London, and locational preferences of professional and technical workers influenced R & D location.