Turbulence in Organizations: New Metaphors for Organizational Research
区分了分岔和数学混沌两种非线性动力学隐喻，用于描述组织中的湍流过程，并整合到过程理论分类中，为管理湍流和构建过程模型提供新方向。
Nonlinear dynamics provides two metaphors for organizational dynamics, bifurcation, and mathematical chaos. These metaphors make possible distinct observations about turbulent organizational processes that have previously been described as “chaotic.” Careful distinction between the metaphors affords additional insight into organizational processes and can aid theory development. The metaphors are integrated into organizational process research through application to two current process theory taxonomies. New research directions in managing turbulence and constructing process models are suggested.