The Benefits of Forced Experimentation: Striking Evidence from the London Underground Network*
研究发现伦敦地铁通勤者中很多人并未选择最优路线，而罢工迫使人们尝试新路线后，行为发生了持久改变，尤其在地图失真区域，表明信息不完善是关键因素，且罢工带来的信息提升了网络效率。
Abstract We present evidence that a significant fraction of commuters on the London Underground do not travel on their optimal route. We show that a strike on the Underground, which forced many commuters to experiment with new routes, brought lasting changes in behavior. This effect is stronger for commuters who live in areas where the Underground map is more distorted, which points to the importance of informational imperfections. Information resulting from the strike improved network efficiency. Search costs alone are unlikely to explain the suboptimal behavior.