Sustainability and Earth Resources: Life Cycle Assessment Modeling
概述了传统生命周期评估方法的局限性，并介绍了针对资源和生态系统的新进展，包括空间相关性、压力指数、存量与流量以及服务与权衡的综合估值，对企业应对生态风险有参考价值。
ABSTRACT Corporations are facing increasing risks associated with ecosystems from both natural drivers, such as climate change, as well as institutional drivers resulting from retailers and brands, increasingly making supplier decisions based on life cycle reporting and indexing. These efforts reflect a transition from traditional firm sustainability to a more quantitative product focus, within which the importance and weight of earth resources and ecosystems is dramatically increasing. This paper provides an overview of the limitations traditional life cycle assessment (LCA) methods and presents emerging developments to improve on LCA for resources and ecosystems. This includes LCA efforts to account for spatial relevance, indices of stress, stocks and flows and integrated valuation of services and trade‐offs. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.