Technological change in Capitalism: some Marxian themes
重构了马克思关于资本主义技术变革的论点，认为技术服务于资本增值而非人类消费，导致工作场所的强制剥削、网络技术发展受阻以及过度积累和金融危机。
Most social theorists agree with Adam Smith’s assertion that ‘consumption is the sole end and purpose of all production’, with technology serving as a means to that end. Marx acknowledged the great benefits that capitalism’s unprecedented technological dynamism has brought to humanity. For Marx, however, the ‘end and purpose ’ of capitalist production is the accumulation of surplus value. From this perspective technology in capitalism is, first and foremost, a means to capital’s end, valorisation, with technological change furthering human ends in a profoundly partial and precarious manner. This paper reconstructs Marx’s argument in favour of this general thesis. It concludes with a discussion of three illustrations. When technological development is subsumed under the valorisation imperative, techno-logical change in the workplace will tend to reinforce coercive and exploitative social relations. Full development of the immense potential of network technologies will be systematically hampered, and technological change will tend to generate over-accumulation and financial crises.