Organizational Environments and the Multinational Enterprise
探讨跨国企业子公司面临的双重压力：既要适应本地制度环境，又要保持组织内部一致性，并据此提出影响其结构与流程的因素，为组织理论未来研究提供新视角。
Multinational enterprises (MNEs) serve as catalysts for reconceptualizing organization-environment relations because they operate simultaneously in multiple nations. We argue that subsidiaries of MNEs face dual pressures: They are pulled to achieve isomorphism with the local institutional environment, and they also face an imperative for consistency within the organization. We develop hypotheses regarding the factors that influence the structures and processes of MNEs. Based on an examination of the pressures imposed on MNEs. We offer a refined concept of organizational environments as complex and fluid, and we suggest implications for future research in organization theory.