Specialists, Generalists, and Polymorphs: Spatial Advantages of Multiunit Organization in a Single Industry
批判并扩展生态位宽度理论，通过强调组织环境的空间变异，提出多态性适应策略，并补充多单元形式的专家与通才策略，为多单元企业在单一行业的成功提供解释框架。
I critique and extend niche width theory to provide an explanatory framework for the success of multiunit firms in single industries. A greater emphasis on spatial variation in organizational environments allows the fitness strategy of polymorphism to be developed more adequately and multiunit expressions of the specialist and generalist strategies to be added to the theory. I develop a set of testable propositions regarding the specific environmental conditions for the success of each strategy and consider research and managerial implications.