HIV Status and Labor Market Participation in South Africa
利用倾向得分匹配方法估计南非艾滋病毒阳性对就业的因果效应，发现感染HIV使失业概率增加6-7个百分点，对低教育群体影响更大，加剧了现有不平等。
We use econometric methods based on the propensity score to estimate the causal effect of HIV status on employment outcomes in South Africa. Relying on rich data from a national survey, which included HIV testing, we control for systematic differences between HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals. We provide the first nationally representative estimates of the impact of HIV status on employment outcomes for southern Africa. Being HIV positive is associated with an increase of 6 to 7 percentage points in the likelihood of unemployment overall and 10 to 11 percentage points for those who are less educated. This disadvantage reinforces existing inequalities in South Africa. © 2013 The President and Fellows of Harvard College and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.