GREENHOUSE‐GAS EMISSION CONTROLS IN AN OPEN ECONOMY*
构建了一个兼具李嘉图和赫克歇尔-俄林特征的开放经济模型，比较排放配额、排放税和排放标准三种政策工具对产业结构和贸易模式的影响，发现国内排放控制可能导致碳泄漏且未必减少全球排放，排放标准可能成为对高排放产业的隐性生产补贴。
To examine how greenhouse‐gas emission controls affect a country's industrial and trade structures, this article presents an open economy model that has both Ricardian and Heckscher–Ohlin features. We specifically compare emission quotas, emission taxes, and emission standards. The patterns of production and trade critically hinge on those policy tools. It is shown that a domestic emission control may lead to carbon leakage and may not reduce the world emissions, and that emission standards may work as a “hidden” production subsidy toward an emission‐intensive industry.