Sex Discrimination and Product Market Competition: The Case of the Banking Industry
利用银行业微观数据，发现产品市场竞争越激烈（市场集中度越低），女性相对就业比例越高，支持竞争减少歧视的观点。
This paper examines the relationship between product market competition and employment discrimination using an especially constructed data set that links microeconomic data on female employment with measures of market concentration in the banking industry. The use of firm-specific data drawn from this one industry allows estimation of this relationship in a manner that avoids the problems of interindustry differences that have troubled previous studies. The results provide strong support for a negative relationship between market concentration and the relative employment of women. Further, we find that individual market shares are unrelated to female employment, suggesting that the relationship is due primarily to differences across markets rather than individual firms.