A Natural-Resource-Based View of the Firm
在资源基础理论上提出基于自然资源的公司观，包含污染预防、产品管理和可持续发展三大战略，并探讨其资源要求与竞争优势。
Historically, management theory has ignored the constraints imposed by the biophysical (natural) environment. Building upon resource-based theory, this article attempts to fill this void by proposing a natural-resource-based view of the firm—a theory of competitive advantage based upon the firm's relationship to the natural environment. It is composed of three interconnected strategies: pollution prevention, product stewardship, and sustainable development. Propositions are advanced for each of these strategies regarding key resource requirements and their contributions to sustained competitive advantage.