The Transatlantic Market for British Convict Labor
研究了18世纪中期英国罪犯占移民美国人数至少四分之一的跨大西洋运输与处置，将其视为刑事司法私有化实验，并构建模型分析拍卖价格、运输商利润及罪犯选择机制。
Convicts account for at least one-quarter of British migration to mid-eighteenth-century America. Their transportation to and disposal in America was essentially an experiment in privatizing post-trial criminal justice. A model of this trade is developed that yields testable implications regarding the relative distributional moments of convict auction prices, the size of shipper profits, and how convicts were selected for transportation.