A Bicriterion Maximal Covering Location Formulation Which Considers the Satisfaction of Uncovered Demand
针对最大覆盖选址问题忽略未覆盖需求服务距离的缺陷，提出双目标模型，同时优化覆盖最大化和未覆盖需求到最近设施的总旅行时间最小化，并证明可转化为p-中位问题求解。
There have been many applications of the maximal covering location problem (MCLP). An underlying assumption of the MCLP is that demand not covered (i.e., not within a prespecified maximal distance of a facility) is not served. This may be an unrealistic assumption in many location planning scenarios, especially in the public sector. For example, in cases such as fire protection or ambulance service, calls not technically covered will still be serviced. The MCLP, however, does not consider the distances or travel times necessary to service such demand. This paper presents a bicriterion locational covering model which explicitly considers the travel distance or time necessary to service demand not within the maximal covering distance of a facility. The model may be used to generate noninferior (Pareto optimal) siting configurations which demonstrate the inherent trade‐offs between a siting scheme designed to maximize total coverage and one designed to minimize total travel time for uncovered demand to reach its nearest facility. In addition, it is shown that for any particular weighting scheme on the two objectives, the problem can be solved as a p ‐median problem; a problem for which several efficient solution methods exist.