ROBUST ASYMPTOTIC INFERENCE IN AUTOREGRESSIVE MODELS WITH MARTINGALE DIFFERENCE ERRORS
提出一种基于GMM的方法，为平稳自回归模型构建渐近置信区间，能稳健处理未知形式的条件异方差，通过蒙特卡洛模拟和联邦基金利率数据验证了其优良的小样本性质。
□ This paper proposes a GMM-based method for asymptotic confidence interval construction in stationary autoregressive models, which is robust to the presence of conditional heteroskedasticity of unknown form. The confidence regions are obtained by inverting the asymptotic acceptance region of the distance metric test for the continuously updated GMM (CU-GMM) estimator. Unlike the predetermined symmetric shape of the Wald confidence intervals, the shape of the proposed confidence intervals is data-driven owing an estimated sequence of nonuniform weights. It appears that the flexibility of the CU-GMM estimator in downweighting certain observations proves advantageous for confidence interval construction. This stands in contrast to some other generalized empirical likelihood estimators with appealing optimality properties such as the empirical likelihood estimator whose objective function prevents such downweighting. A Monte Carlo simulation study illustrates the excellent small-sample properties of the method for AR models with ARCH errors. The procedure is applied to study the dynamics of the federal funds rate.