Store characteristics in retail oligopoly
用英国超市行业的消费者选择模型，比较企业选择门店特征时的激励与消费者利益，发现企业个体激励与消费者偏好（中等规模门店和减少距离的搬迁）高度一致，为门店规模和选址监管提供了消费者保护方面的依据。
I use a consumer choice model for the British supermarket industry to compare the incentives of firms, selecting store characteristics, with the interests of consumers. I perform a series of counterfactual changes to store size and location and rank the alternatives by gains per unit of fixed cost. Jointly, firms gain most from large stores, which increase total consumer expenditure. Individually, however, firm incentives are strongly influenced by business‐stealing effects, resulting in a close agreement with consumers, who value middle‐sized stores and distance‐reducing relocations. These individual firm incentives provide little consumer‐protection justification for recent size and location regulations .