Why Do New Technologies Complement Skills? Directed Technical Change and Wage Inequality
提出理论:高技能劳动力占比大时,市场会加速开发补充技能的技术,短期压低技能溢价,但长期通过技能偏向型技术变革推高溢价,甚至超过初始水平。该理论解释了美国1970年代大学溢价下降和1980年代不平等加剧。
A high proportion of skilled workers in the labor force implies a large market size for skill-complementary technologies, and encourages faster upgrading of the productivity of skilled workers. As a result, an increase in the supply of skills reduces the skill premium in the short run, but then it induces skill-biased technical change and increases the skill premium, possibly even above its initial value. This theory suggests that the rapid increase in the proportion of college graduates in the United States labor force in the 1970s may have been a causal factor in both the decline in the college premium during the 1970s and the large increase in inequality during the 1980s.