Differential uncertainties and risk attitudes between conventional and organic producers: the case of Spanish arable crop farmers
研究了西班牙耕地作物农民在有机与传统生产方式下的生产风险差异和风险厌恶程度，发现有机价格溢价和补贴能有效激励农民采用有机技术。
Abstract The growing importance of economic factors in farmers' decisions to go organic has raised interest in characterizing the economic behavior of organic versus conventional farms. In general, published analyses so far have not considered differential uncertainties, abilities to control production risk, and farmers' risk preferences between conventional and organic practices when comparing these techniques. Our article attempts to assess this issue. We use a model of farmer decision under risk to analyze the differential values between organic and conventional Spanish arable crop farms and to assess the incentives for adoption of organic practices. Results show that organic and conventional farms do have different production risks as well as different aversions to risk. Organic price premiums and subsidies are found to be powerful instruments to motivate adoption of organic techniques.