Birthing a Nation: The Effect of Fertility Control Access on the Nineteenth-Century Demographic Transition
研究了19世纪美国各州限制堕胎的法律对出生率的影响，发现限制堕胎使出生率上升4%至15%，并探讨了这些法律的政治经济特征。
During the nineteenth century, the U.S. birthrate fell by half. While previous economic literature has emphasized demand-side explanations for this decline, many of these arguments are confounded by changes in the supply of technologies to control fertility. I exploit the introduction of state laws governing American women's access to abortion to measure the effect of changes in the supply of fertility technologies on the number of children born. I estimate an increase in the birthrate of 4 to 15 percent when abortion is restricted. I also explore the legal characteristics and political economy of these laws.