The Spaces and Times of Globalization: Place, Scale, Networks, and Positionality*
批判性审视全球化空间性的三种隐喻（地方、尺度、网络），提出位置性概念，强调空间/时间仍然重要，并影响全球化轨迹和地方的可能性条件。
Abstract: Discussions of the spatiality of globalization have largely focused on place‐based attributes that fix globalization locally, on globalization as the construction of scale, and on networks as a distinctive feature of contemporary globalization. By contrast, position within the global economy is frequently regarded as anachronistic in a shrinking, networked world. A critical review of how place, scale, and networks are used as metaphors for the spatiality of globalization suggests that space/time still matters. Positionality (position in relational space/time within the global economy) is conceptualized as both shaping and shaped by the trajectories of globalization and as influencing the conditions of possibility of places in a globalizing world. The wormhole is invoked as a way of describing the concrete geographies of positionality and their non‐Euclidean relationship to the Earth's surface. The inclusion of positionality challenges the simplicity of pro‐ and antiglobalization narratives and can change how we think about globalization and devise strategies to alter its trajectory.