Measuring Interactions among Urbanization, Land Use Regulations, and Public Finance
使用多选择选择模型，估计美国西部五州城市化、土地使用法规与公共财政的相互作用，发现法规减少开发面积但推高房价，长期降低公共支出和财产税，短期则增加。
This article presents a polychotomous choice‐selectivity model to estimate the interactions among urbanization, land use regulations, and public finance in five western states (California, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, and Washington). Land use regulations in these five states reduced the total developed area by an estimated 12.2% from 1982 to 1992, but increased housing prices between 1.3% and 4.7%, depending on the intensity of land use regulations in a county. Land use regulations also reduced public expenditure and property tax in the long run by 5.6% and 8.4%, respectively, but increased public expenditure and property tax in the short run by 9.8% and 12.6%.