Cracks in the Glass Ceiling
研究了228家中大型私营企业中女性担任高管的影响因素，发现女性更可能在高管比例高、管理层流动大、平均薪资低、重视员工发展及非制造业的企业中担任高管。
This study investigates variables that differentiate work establishments that have women in top management positions from those that do not. Women occupied top management positions in slightly more than half of the 228 medium- to large-sized private sector establishments the authors studied. The authors found that women are more likely to occupy top management ranks in establishments that have more lower level management positions filled by women, have higher management turnover, have lower average management salary levels, place greater emphasis on development and promotion of employees, and operate in nonmanufacturing industries.